Al-Adab Al-Mufrad #180
Being a master
The Arabic includes the chain of narration (sanad) and the collector's commentary; the English translation shows the Prophet's words only.
حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا فِرَاسٌ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ زَاذَانَ أَبِي عُمَرَ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، فَدَعَا بِغُلاَمٍ لَهُ كَانَ ضَرَبَهُ فَكَشَفَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ فَقَالَ: أَيُوجِعُكَ؟ قَالَ: لاَ. فَأَعْتَقَهُ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ عُودًا مِنَ الأَرْضِ فَقَالَ: مَالِي فِيهِ مِنَ الأَجْرِ مَا يَزِنُ هَذَا الْعُودَ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، لِمَ تَقُولُ هَذَا؟ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَقُولُ أَوْ قَالَ: مَنْ ضَرَبَ مَمْلُوكَهُ حَدًّا لَمْ يَأْتِهِ، أَوْ لَطَمَ وَجْهَهُ، فَكَفَّارَتُهُ أَنْ يُعْتِقَهُ.
Abu 'Umar Zadhan said, "We were with Ibn 'Umar when he summoned
a slave of his whom he had beaten and he uncovered his back. 'Does it hurt?'
he asked. 'No,' he replied. Then he set him free. He picked up a stick
from the ground and then said, 'I do not have a reward (for him) worth
as much as this stick.' I asked, 'Abu 'Abdu'r-Rahman, why do you say this?'
He replied, 'I heard the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace,
say, "The expiation of someone who beats a slave more than he deserves
or slaps his face is that he must set him free."'"
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About Al-Adab Al-Mufrad
This hadith is #180 from Al-Adab Al-Mufrad, in the Book of Being a master.