Al-Adab Al-Mufrad #854
Kunyas
The Arabic includes the chain of narration (sanad) and the collector's commentary; the English translation shows the Prophet's words only.
حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدُ بْنُ مَخْلَدٍ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ بِلاَلٍ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو حَازِمٍ، عَنْ سَهْلِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، إِنْ كَانَتْ أَحَبَّ أَسْمَاءِ عَلِيٍّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِلَيْهِ لَأَبُو تُرَابٍ، وَإِنْ كَانَ لَيَفْرَحُ أَنْ يُدْعَى بِهَا، وَمَا سَمَّاهُ أَبَا تُرَابٍ إِلاَّ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم، غَاضَبَ يَوْمًا فَاطِمَةَ، فَخَرَجَ فَاضْطَجَعَ إِلَى الْجِدَارِ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ، وَجَاءَهُ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَتْبَعُهُ، فَقَالَ: هُوَ ذَا مُضْطَجِعٌ فِي الْجِدَارِ، فَجَاءَ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَقَدِ امْتَلَأَ ظَهْرُهُ تُرَابًا، فَجَعَلَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم يَمْسَحُ التُّرَابَ عَنْ ظَهْرِهِ وَيَقُولُ: اجْلِسْ أَبَا تُرَابٍ.
Sahl ibn Sa'd related that the name which 'Ali, may Allah be pleased
with him, liked best was Abu Turab and that he was happy when he was called
that. Only the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, called
him that. One day 'Ali was cross with Fatima and went out and reclined
against the wall of the mosque. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant
him peace, came to look for him and was told that he was leaning against
the wall. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, went up
to him and found that his back was covered with dust. The Prophet, may
Allah bless him and grant him peace, began to wipe the dust off his back
and said, 'Sit down Abu Turab (father of dust)!'"
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About Al-Adab Al-Mufrad
This hadith is #854 from Al-Adab Al-Mufrad, in the Book of Kunyas.