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Sunan Abu Dawud
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Sunan Abu Dawud #4400

Prescribed Punishments (Kitab Al-Hudud)
Sahih

The Arabic includes the chain of narration (sanad) and the collector's commentary; the English translation shows the Prophet's words only.

حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، أَخْبَرَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنِ الأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، رضى الله عنها أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ ‏ "‏ رُفِعَ الْقَلَمُ عَنْ ثَلاَثَةٍ عَنِ النَّائِمِ حَتَّى يَسْتَيْقِظَ وَعَنِ الْمُبْتَلَى حَتَّى يَبْرَأَ وَعَنِ الصَّبِيِّ حَتَّى يَكْبَرَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: There are three (persons) whose actions are not recorded: a sleeper till he awakes, an idiot till he is restored to reason, and a boy till he reaches puberty.
Narrated by Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin:

Context

In this hadith narrated by Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin, the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) explains that there are three categories of individuals whose actions are not recorded by Allah: those who are asleep until they awaken, those who are mentally incapacitated until they regain their faculties, and children until they reach the age of maturity. This highlights the concept of divine justice and mercy in Islam, recognizing that accountability is based on one's ability to comprehend and act upon moral responsibilities.

Modern Application

This principle encourages a compassionate understanding of people's circumstances today. For instance, when dealing with children or individuals facing mental health challenges, society is reminded to be patient and supportive, acknowledging that their actions may not reflect their true intentions or capabilities.

Topics

This hadith is tagged with Divine Justice because it illustrates Allah's mercy in not holding accountable those who are incapable of understanding their actions.

Divine Justice

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O you who have believed, let those whom your right hands possess and those who have not [yet] reached puberty among you ask permission of you [before entering] at three times: before the dawn prayer and when you put aside your clothing [for rest] at noon and after the night prayer. [These are] three times of privacy for you. There is no blame upon you nor upon them beyond these [periods], for they continually circulate among you - some of you, among others. Thus does Allah make clear to you the verses; and Allah is Knowing and Wise.
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And Allah presents an example of two men, one of them dumb and unable to do a thing, while he is a burden to his guardian. Wherever he directs him, he brings no good. Is he equal to one who commands justice, while he is on a straight path?
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O you who have believed, do not approach prayer while you are intoxicated until you know what you are saying or in a state of janabah, except those passing through [a place of prayer], until you have washed [your whole body]. And if you are ill or on a journey or one of you comes from the place of relieving himself or you have contacted women and find no water, then seek clean earth and wipe over your faces and your hands [with it]. Indeed, Allah is ever Pardoning and Forgiving.
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Common Words

179 total126 unique23 repeated
على12x
ولا6x
من5x
ٱلذين4x
ومن4x
ٱلله4x
حرج4x
لا4x
ليس3x
ما3x
أو3x
يأيها2x
ءامنوا2x
منكم2x
ثلث2x
صلوة2x
لكم2x
عليكم2x
وٱلله2x
ورسوله2x
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About Sunan Abu Dawud

This hadith is #4400 from Sunan Abu Dawud, in the Book of Prescribed Punishments (Kitab Al-Hudud). It is graded Sahih and narrated by Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin:.

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About This Hadith