Tafsir Al-Jalalayn: At-Tawba, Ayah 12
Common Words
Other Scholars on This Ayah
Tafsir
(And if they) the people of Mecca (break their pledges) which are between you and them (after their treaty (has been made with you) and assail your religion) and defame the Religion of Islam, (then fight the heads of disbelief) fight the leaders of disbelief: Abu Sufyan and his host. (Lo! they have no binding oaths in order that they may desist) from breaking their pledges.
Related Hadiths
When oath of allegiance has been taken for two caliphs, kill the one for whom the oath was taken later.
He who took an oath, but he found something else better than that, should do that which is better and break his oath.
The Prophet (ﷺ) said: If anyone swears an oath and makes an exception, he may fulfil it if he wishes and break it if he wishes without any accountability for breaking.
Al-Jalalayn Commentary
But if they break if they violate their oaths their covenants after making their pact and assail your religion slander it then fight the leaders of unbelief its heads here an overt noun ‘the leaders of unbelief’ has replaced the third person pronominalisation — verily they have no binding oaths no pacts a variant reading for aymān ‘oaths’ has the kasra inflection for the alif sc. īmān ‘no faith’ — so that they might desist from unbelief.