Tafsir Ibn Abbas: Saba, Ayah 21
وَمَا كَانَ لَهُۥ عَلَيْهِم مِّن سُلْطَٰنٍ إِلَّا لِنَعْلَمَ مَن يُؤْمِنُ بِٱلْءَاخِرَةِ مِمَّنْ هُوَ مِنْهَا فِى شَكٍّۢ ۗ وَرَبُّكَ عَلَىٰ كُلِّ شَىْءٍ حَفِيظٌۭ
And he had over them no authority except [it was decreed] that We might make evident who believes in the Hereafter from who is thereof in doubt. And your Lord, over all things, is Guardian.
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And he did not have any warrant over them any power to sway them from Us but that We might know by this knowledge being made manifest him who believed in the Hereafter from him who was in doubt thereof and so requite each of the two accordingly. And your Lord is Preserver Watcher of all things.
Ibn Abbas Commentary
(And he) Satan (had no warrant) no power or the ability to impose his will (whatsoever against them) against the Children of Israel, (save) except to the measure (that We would know him who believeth in the Hereafter) that We know he who, in preeternity, believed in resurrection after death (from him who is in doubt thereof) from him who is in doubt about the coming of the Hour; (and thy Lord) O Muhammad (taketh note of all things) relating to their works.