Tafsir Ibn Abbas: Al-Maaida, Ayah 71
وَحَسِبُوٓا۟ أَلَّا تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌۭ فَعَمُوا۟ وَصَمُّوا۟ ثُمَّ تَابَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ ثُمَّ عَمُوا۟ وَصَمُّوا۟ كَثِيرٌۭ مِّنْهُمْ ۚ وَٱللَّهُ بَصِيرٌۢ بِمَا يَعْمَلُونَ
And they thought there would be no [resulting] punishment, so they became blind and deaf. Then Allah turned to them in forgiveness; then [again] many of them became blind and deaf. And Allah is Seeing of what they do.
Common Words
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And they thought they presumed that there would be no read as an lā takūnu where an has been softened; or read an lā takūna where it an requires a following subjunctive that is to say ‘that there would not befall them’ trial a punishment against them for their denial of the messengers and their slaying of them; and so they were wilfully blind to the truth and could not see it and deaf unable to hear it. Then God relented to them when they repented then they were wilfully blind and deaf a second time many of them kathīrun minhum substitutes for the third person ‘they’; and God sees what they do and will requite them for it.
Ibn Abbas Commentary
(They thought no harm would come of it,) no misfortune would ensue; it is also said that: they thought that their hearts would not be corrupted because of denying and killing messengers (so they were wilfully blind) and did not see guidance (and deaf) such that they did not hear the Truth deep in their hearts. They disbelieved and then they believed and repented from their disbelief. (And afterward Allah turned (in mercy) towards them) He forgave them. (Now (even after that) are many of them wilfully blind) do not see guidance and died in this state (and deaf) such they do not hear the Truth and become disbelievers. (Allah is Seer of what they do) in their disbelief in terms of denying and killing the prophets.