Tafsir Ibn Abbas: At-Tur, Ayah 21
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Tafsir
And those who believed wa’lladhīna āmanū the subject and whom We made to be followed wa-atba‘nāhum a variant reading has wa’ttaba‘athum ‘and there followed them’ as a supplement to āmanū ‘who believed’ by their descendants dhurrīyātihim a variant reading for this plural has dhurrīyatuhum young and old in faith on the part of the older ones and on the part of the parents in their young ones the predicate of the subject above is the following alhaqnā bihim We will make their mentioned descendants join them in Paradise so that they are in the same degree of reward even though they might not have performed the same meritorious deeds as them to deserve this equal status a way of honouring the parents by having their children join them again; and We will not deprive them read alatnāhum or alitnāhum We will not diminish them of anything min shay’in min is extra of their deeds in order to add it to the deeds of their children. Every man is subject to what he has earned of good or evil deeds and will be requited for evil and rewarded for good.
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Ibn Abbas Commentary
And they who believe) in Muhammad (pbuh) and the Qur'an and are true in their faith (and whose seed follow them in faith) in the life of the world, (We cause their seed to join them (there)) in the Hereafter, enjoying the same rank as that of their fathers; it is also said that this means: and those who believe in Muhammad (pbuh) and the Qur'an, We will enter them into the Garden along with their young children, thus enjoying the same rank, because these offspring had already believed on the Day of the Primordial Covenant. We made their fathers follow them. It is also said that this means: We make the offspring attain to the same rank as that of the fathers, if the ranks of the fathers are higher, (and We deprive them of naught of their (life's) work) He says: We do not diminish the reward of the fathers at all upon making their offspring join them. (Every man is a pledge) such that Allah does with him as He will (for that which he hath earned) of sins.