Tafsir Ibn Abbas: At-Tawba, Ayah 36
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Other Scholars on This Ayah
Tafsir
Verily the number of months used to reckon the year with God is twelve months in the Book of God the Preserved Tablet al-lawh al-mahfūz from the day that He created the heavens and the earth; four of them that is the months are sacred inviolable Dhū’l-Qa‘da Dhū’l-Hijja Muharram and Rajab. That making of them sacred is the right the upright religion. So do not wrong yourselves during them during these sacred months with acts of disobedience for their burden of sin is greater therein; but it is also said to mean do not wrong yourselves at any time during all the months of the year. And fight the idolaters altogether all of them throughout the months even as they fight you altogether; and know that God is with those who fear Him supporting and assisting them.
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Ibn Abbas Commentary
(Lo! the number of the months with Allah) he says: the year is counted by months, i.e. the months of the year in which the poor-due is paid (is twelve months by Allah's ordinance) in the Guarded Tablet (in the day) from the day (that He created the heavens and the earth. Four of them) four of these months (are sacred): Rajab, Dhu'l-Qa'dah, Dhu'l-Hijjah and Muharram: (that is the right religion) that is the right calculation: it neither increases or decreases. (So wrong not) harm not (yourselves) through transgression (in them) in those months; it is also said: in the sacred months. (And wage war on all the idolaters) in the sacred months and in other months (as they are waging war on all of you) all together. (And know) O believers (that Allah is with those who keep their duty (unto Him)) with those who ward off disbelief, idolatry, indecencies, the breaking of treaties and fighting during the sacred months.