Tafsir Al-Jalalayn: Aal-i-Imraan, Ayah 159

Aal-i-Imraan · Ayah 159 · View Ayah
فَبِمَا رَحْمَةٍۢ مِّنَ ٱللَّهِ لِنتَ لَهُمْ ۖ وَلَوْ كُنتَ فَظًّا غَلِيظَ ٱلْقَلْبِ لَٱنفَضُّوا۟ مِنْ حَوْلِكَ ۖ فَٱعْفُ عَنْهُمْ وَٱسْتَغْفِرْ لَهُمْ وَشَاوِرْهُمْ فِى ٱلْأَمْرِ ۖ فَإِذَا عَزَمْتَ فَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ يُحِبُّ ٱلْمُتَوَكِّلِينَ
So by mercy from Allah, [O Muhammad], you were lenient with them. And if you had been rude [in speech] and harsh in heart, they would have disbanded from about you. So pardon them and ask forgiveness for them and consult them in the matter. And when you have decided, then rely upon Allah. Indeed, Allah loves those who rely [upon Him].

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Al-Jalalayn Commentary

It was by the mercy of God that you O Muhammad (s) were lenient with them that is that you showed indulgence toward them when they disobeyed you; had you been harsh ill-natured and fierce of heart brutish and coarse towards them they would have dispersed split away from about you. So pardon them pass over what they have done and ask forgiveness for them for their sins until I forgive them and consult them find out their opinions in the matter that is your affair in the battle and otherwise in order to win their hearts over and so that you may be emulated in this respect; and indeed the Prophet s would frequently consult them. And when you are resolved to carry out what you wish after counsel rely on God put your trust in Him and not in any counsel; for God loves those who rely on Him.

Other Scholars on This Ayah

Tafsir

85%50%49%Al-JalalaynIbn AbbasIbn Kathir
Scholars offer complementary perspectives

(It was by the mercy of Allah that thou wert lenient with them (O Muhammad), for if thou hadst been stern) harsh in speech (and fierce of heart) coarse with them (they would have dispersed from round about thee. So pardon them) pardon your Companions for that which may ensue from them (and ask forgiveness for them) from that transgression which ensues from them (and consult with them upon the conduct of affairs) in matter of war. (And when thou art resolved) to do something, (then put your trust in Allah) to give you triumph and domination. (Lo! Allah loveth those who put their trust) in Him.

Related Hadiths

Sunan Abu Dawud#4789Sahih

The Prophet of Allah (ﷺ) was commanded to hold to forgiveness from the conduct of the people.

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Sahih Muslim#4394Sahih

Show leniency (to the people) ; don't be hard upon them; give them glad tidings (of Divine favours in this world and the Hereafter) ; and do not create aversion. Work in collaboration and don't be div...

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Narrated by Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Umar:
Sahih al-Bukhari#4438Sahih

Allah ordered His Prophet to forgive the people their misbehavior (towards him).

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Narrated by It was narrated from Bilal bin Rabah that the Prophet (ﷺ) said to him, on the morning of Jama’:
Sahih Muslim#238Sahih

Verily Allah forgave my people the evil promptings which arise within their hearts as long as they did not speak about them or did not act upon them.

Narrated by It is narrated on the authority of Abu Huraira that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observed:
Sunan Abu Dawud#4377Da'if

The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) Said: Forgive the people of good qualities their slips, but not faults to which prescribed penalties apply.

Narrated by Narrated Aisha, Ummul Mu'minin:
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May Allah grant pardon to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) that he bestowed (these camels) upon the people of Quraish, and he ignored us, whereas our swords are still dripping blood. Anas b. Malik said: The...

Narrated by Anas b. Malik reported that when on the Day of Hunain Allah conferred upon His Apostle (ﷺ) the riches of Hawazin (without armed encounter), the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) set about distributing to some persons of Quraish one hundred camels Upon this they (the young people from the Ansar) said:
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"Indeed there are two traits in you that Allah loves: Forbearance, and deliberateness."

Narrated by Ibn 'Abbas narrated that the Messenger of Allah said to the Ashajj 'Abdul-Qais:
Sahih al-Bukhari#6102Sahih

Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "None of you should say: 'O Allah, forgive me if You wish; O Allah, be merciful to me if You wish,' but he should always appeal to Allah with determination, for nobody can...

Narrated by Narrated Abu Huraira:

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