Tafsir Al-Jalalayn: Ar-Room, Ayah 3
فِىٓ أَدْنَى ٱلْأَرْضِ وَهُم مِّنۢ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ
In the nearest land. But they, after their defeat, will overcome.
Common Words
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فى1x
أدنى1x
ٱلأرض1x
وهم1x
من1x
بعد1x
غلبهم1x
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(In the nearer land) close to Persia and, as a consequence, the believers were aggrieved while the idolaters rejoiced, saying: " We shall defeat the believers just as the Persians defeated the Romans " , but then Allah proceeded to mention their victory (and they) i.e. the Romans, (after their defeat) at the hand of the Persians (will be victorious) over the Persians.
Al-Jalalayn Commentary
in the nearer part of the land that is in the Byzantine land that lies nearest to Persia in Mesopotamia al-Jazīra. There the two armies met and the Persians were the ones who had begun the invasion. But they that is the Byzantines after their vanquishing ghalabihim the verbal noun ghalab has been annexed to the direct object hum in other words ghalabatu fāris iyyāhum ‘the Persians’ vanquishing of them’ shall be the victors over the Persians