Tafsir Al-Jalalayn: At-Tawba, Ayah 106
وَءَاخَرُونَ مُرْجَوْنَ لِأَمْرِ ٱللَّهِ إِمَّا يُعَذِّبُهُمْ وَإِمَّا يَتُوبُ عَلَيْهِمْ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌۭ
And [there are] others deferred until the command of Allah - whether He will punish them or whether He will forgive them. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.
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Other Scholars on This Ayah
Tafsir
Scholars largely agree on this ayah
(And (there are) others) there are other people of Medina: Ka'b Ibn Malik, Murarah Ibn al-Rabi' and Hilal Ibn Umayyah (who await Allah's decree) their matter awaits Allah's command, (whether He will punish them) because of their staying behind and not taking part in the Battle of Tabuk (or will forgive them) for so doing. (Allah is Knower) of their repentance and also of their staying behind, (Wise) in that which ordained concerning them.
Al-Jalalayn Commentary
And there are others from among those who stayed behind who are deferred read murja’ūna or murjawna whose repentance is delayed to God’s command concerning them according to His will whether He chastises them by causing them to die without their having made any repentance or relents to them; and God is Knower of His creatures Wise in what He does with them. These others mentioned are the three who will be mentioned afterwards Murāra b. al-Rabī‘ Ka‘b b. Mālik and Hilāl b. Umayya. They stayed behind out of laziness and their inclination for peace and quiet not out of hypocrisy. Unlike the others however they did not excuse themselves before the Prophet s and so the matter regarding them was suspended for fifty days during which time people avoided them until it was later revealed that God had relented to them.