Tafsir Ibn Abbas: Aal-i-Imraan, Ayah 7
Common Words
Other Scholars on This Ayah
Tafsir
He it is Who revealed to you the Book wherein are verses that are clear lucid in proof forming the Mother Book the original basis for rulings and others allegorical whose meanings are not known such as the opening verses of some sūras. He God refers to the whole Qur’ān as 1 ‘clear’ muhkam where He says A Book whose verses have been made clear Q. 111 meaning that it contains no imperfections; and as 2 ‘allegorical’ mutashābih where He says A Book consimilar Q. 3923 meaning that its parts resemble each other in terms of beauty and veracity. As for those in whose hearts is deviation inclination away from truth they follow the allegorical part desiring sedition among the ignorant of them throwing them into specious arguments and confusion and desiring its interpretation its explanation and none knows its interpretation its explanation save God Him alone. And those firmly rooted established and capable in knowledge al-rāsikhūna fī’l-‘ilm is the subject the predicate of which is what follows say ‘We believe in it the allegorical part that it is from God and we do not know its meaning; all of the clear and the allegorical is from our Lord’; yet none remembers yadhdhakkar the initial tā’ of yatadhakkar has been assimilated with the dhāl that is none is admonished but people of pith possessors of intellect who when they see those following that allegorical part only also say
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Ibn Abbas Commentary
(He it is Who hath revealed unto thee (Muhammad) the Scripture) who sent you Gabriel with the Scripture (wherein are clear revelations) expositing the lawful and unlawful which are not abrogated and which are acted upon. (They are the substance of the Book) they are the foundation of the Book as they are the leading theme in each book. They are all acted upon. An example of this is the saying of Allah: (Say: Come, I will recite unto you that which your Lord hath made a sacred duty for you�) [6:151]. (And others (which are) allegorical) vague in their meanings to the Jews, like the use of the letters of the alphabet according to their numerical value (hisab al-Jumal) in such instances as Alif. Lam. Mim, Alif. Lam. Mim. Sad, Alif. Lam Mim. Ra; and Alif. Lam. Ra; it is also said that (others (which are) allegorical) means: other verses that are abrogated and no longer acted upon. (But those) the Jews Ka'b Ibn al-Ashraf, Huyayy Ibn Akhtab and Judayy Ibn Akhtab (in whose hearts is doubt) scepticism, opposition and deviance from guidance (pursue, forsooth, that which is allegorical seeking) in the Qur'an ((to cause) dissension) pursuing disbelief, ascribing partners to Allah, and holding fast to the error they are in (by seeking to explain it) to determine the future of this nation so that dominion reverts back to them. (None knoweth its explanation) the future of this nation (save Allah). Here Allah interrupts His speech and then resumes it by saying: (And those who are of sound instruction) those who have a sound grasp of the knowledge of the Torah: 'Abdullah Ibn Salam and his fellow companions (say: We believe therein) in the Qur'an; (the whole is from our Lord) Allah has revealed both those verses which are clear and those which are ambiguous; (but only men of understanding) who have sound minds such as 'Abdullah Ibn Salam and his fellow companions (really heed) take admonition from the simile of the Qur'an.