Tafsir Ibn Abbas: Aal-i-Imraan, Ayah 83
أَفَغَيْرَ دِينِ ٱللَّهِ يَبْغُونَ وَلَهُۥٓ أَسْلَمَ مَن فِى ٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِ وَٱلْأَرْضِ طَوْعًۭا وَكَرْهًۭا وَإِلَيْهِ يُرْجَعُونَ
So is it other than the religion of Allah they desire, while to Him have submitted [all] those within the heavens and earth, willingly or by compulsion, and to Him they will be returned?
Common Words
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أفغير1x
دين1x
ٱلله1x
يبغون1x
وله1x
أسلم1x
من1x
فى1x
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وٱلأرض1x
طوعا1x
وكرها1x
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What! Do they the ones who turn away desire yabghūna is also read tabghūna ‘do you desire?’ other than God’s religion when to Him has submitted to Him has yielded whoever is in the heavens and the earth willingly without refusal or unwillingly by the sword and by seeing what it such refusal results in and to Him they shall be returned? yurja‘ūna may also be read turja‘ūna ‘you shall be returned’; the hamza at the beginning of the verse a-fa-ghayra ‘what…other’ denotes a disavowal.
Ibn Abbas Commentary
Allah then mentions the dispute of the Jews and Christians and the question which they put to the Prophet (pbuh) regarding who really follows the religion of Abraham. When the Prophet (pbuh) told them that they were both far from the Religion of Abraham, they said that they did not accept this judgement. Hence, Allah said: (Seek they) with you (other than the religion of Allah) Islam (complete surrender to Allah), (when unto Him submiteth) acknowledges Islam and Allah's divine Oneness (whosoever is in the heavens) of angels (and the earth) of believers, (willingly) the dwellers of the heavens willingly, (or unwillingly) the dwellers of the earth unwillingly. It is also said that this means: the sincere among the believers acknowledge this willingly while the hypocrites do so unwillingly; it is also said this means: those who are born Muslim acknowledge this willingly while those who were made to embrace Islam do so unwillingly, (and unto Him they will be returned) after death.