Tafsir Ibn Abbas: Az-Zumar, Ayah 22

Az-Zumar · Ayah 22 · View Ayah
أَفَمَن شَرَحَ ٱللَّهُ صَدْرَهُۥ لِلْإِسْلَٰمِ فَهُوَ عَلَىٰ نُورٍۢ مِّن رَّبِّهِۦ ۚ فَوَيْلٌۭ لِّلْقَٰسِيَةِ قُلُوبُهُم مِّن ذِكْرِ ٱللَّهِ ۚ أُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ فِى ضَلَٰلٍۢ مُّبِينٍ
So is one whose breast Allah has expanded to [accept] Islam and he is upon a light from his Lord [like one whose heart rejects it]? Then woe to those whose hearts are hardened against the remembrance of Allah. Those are in manifest error.

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Ibn Abbas Commentary

(Is he whose bosom Allah hath expanded) and whose heart Allah made soft (for the Surrender (unto Him)) by means of the light of Islam, (so that he followeth a light from His Lord) so that he is honoured by his Lord and follows the exposition which came from his Lord-the reference here is to 'Ammar Ibn Yasir-as he whose heart is expanded for disbelief, i.e. Abu Jahl? (Then woe) then severe punishment; it is also said: then a valley of puss and blood in Gehenna (unto those whose hearts are hardened against remembrance of Allah) unto those whose hearts are not softened by the remembrance of Allah; the reference here is to Abu Jahl and his host. (Such) those who have such traits (are in plain error) in manifest disbelief.

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Scholars offer complementary perspectives

Is he whose breast God has opened to Islam and becomes guided so that he follows a light from his Lord …? like he whose heart He has sealed with disbelief? — this understanding of the ellipsis is indicated by what follows. So woe — an expression indicating ‘chastisement’ — to those whose hearts have been hardened against the remembrance of God that is hardened against the acceptance of the Qur’ān. Such are in manifest error.

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