وَٱلْقَمَرَ قَدَّرْنَٰهُ مَنَازِلَ حَتَّىٰ عَادَ كَٱلْعُرْجُونِ ٱلْقَدِيمِ
Walqamara qaddarnaahu manaazila hattaa 'aada kal'ur joonil qadeem
And the moon - We have determined for it phases, until it returns [appearing] like the old date stalk.

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Tafsir

76%69%60%Al-JalalaynIbn AbbasIbn Kathir
Scholars largely agree on this ayah

And the moon — read wa’l-qamaru in the nominative or wa’l-qamara in the accusative; and it may be in the accusative because of a following verb that governs it We have determined it with respect to its course to run in phases — twenty eight phases in twenty eight nights of every month; it becomes concealed for two nights when the month has thirty days and for one night when it has twenty nine days — until it returns during its final phase seeming to the human eye like an aged palm-bough in other words like the stalk with a date cluster when it ages becoming delicate arched and yellowish.

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About Quran 36:39