Tafsir Al-Jalalayn: Aal-i-Imraan, Ayah 144

Aal-i-Imraan · Ayah 144 · View Ayah
وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلَّا رَسُولٌۭ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِن قَبْلِهِ ٱلرُّسُلُ ۚ أَفَإِي۟ن مَّاتَ أَوْ قُتِلَ ٱنقَلَبْتُمْ عَلَىٰٓ أَعْقَٰبِكُمْ ۚ وَمَن يَنقَلِبْ عَلَىٰ عَقِبَيْهِ فَلَن يَضُرَّ ٱللَّهَ شَيْـًۭٔا ۗ وَسَيَجْزِى ٱللَّهُ ٱلشَّٰكِرِينَ
Muhammad is not but a messenger. [Other] messengers have passed on before him. So if he was to die or be killed, would you turn back on your heels [to unbelief]? And he who turns back on his heels will never harm Allah at all; but Allah will reward the grateful.

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Al-Jalalayn Commentary

With regard to their being routed when it was rumoured that the Prophet had been killed and the hypocrites had said to the believers ‘If he has been killed go back to your previous religion’ the following was revealed Muhammad is only a messenger; messengers have passed away before him. Why if he should die or is slain like others will you turn back on your heels will you return to unbelief the last statement is the locus of the interrogative of denial in other words ‘he was not a worshipped being so that if he were to die you should turn back to your previous religion’. If any man should turn back on his heels he will not harm God in any way but will be harming himself and God will requite those that are thankful for His graces by staying firm.

Other Scholars on This Ayah

Tafsir

80%61%62%Al-JalalaynIbn AbbasIbn Kathir
Scholars offer complementary perspectives

When they said to the Messenger of Allah (pbuh): �O Prophet of Allah! We heard that you were killed, this is why we ran from the enemy,� Allah revealed the following: (Muhammad is but a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) have passed away before him) before him other messengers have passed away. (Will it be that, when he) Muhammad (dieth or is slain) in the way of Allah, (you will turn back on your heels?) you will return to your old religion. (He who turneth back) returns to his old religion (does no hurt to Allah) such return will not harm Allah, (and Allah will reward the thankful) He will reward the believers for their faith and jihad.

Related Hadiths

Sahih al-Bukhari#3512Sahih

-- "Muhammad is no more than an Apostle and indeed many Apostles have passed away before him.." (3.144)

Narrated by 'Aisha said (in another narration), ("When the Prophet (ﷺ) was on his death-bed) he looked up and said thrice, (Amongst) the Highest Companion (See Qur'an 4.69)' Aisha said, Allah benefited the people by their two speeches. 'Umar frightened the people some of whom were hypocrites whom Allah caused to abandon Islam because of 'Umar's speech. Then Abu Bakr led the people to True Guidance and acquainted them with the right path they were to follow so that they went out reciting:
Sunan Abu Dawud#2762Da'if

I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) say when they (messengers sent by Musaylimah) read the letter of Musaylimah: What do you believe yourselves? They said: We believe as he believes. He said: I swear ...

Narrated by Narrated Nu'aym ibn Mas'ud:
Sahih Muslim#4745Sahih

Messenger of Allah, do you think that if I am killed in the way of Allah, my sins will be blotted out from me? The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: Yes, in case you are killed in the way of Allah and you ...

Narrated by It has been narrated on the authority of Abu Qatada that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood up among them (his Companions) to deliver his sermon in which he told them that Jihad in the way of Allah and belief in Allah (with all His Attributes) are the most meritorious of acts. A man stood up and said:
Sunan an-Nasa'i#4139Sahih

The Messenger of Allah said: "Do not revert to disbelievers after I am gone." It is Mursal.

Narrated by It was narrated from Masruq that:
Sunan an-Nasa'i#3159Sahih

"There is no Muslim soul among the people that is taken by its Lord and wishes it could come back to you, even if it had this world and everything in it, except the martyr." Ibn Abi 'Amirah said: "The...

Narrated by It was narrated from Ibn Abi 'Amirah that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:
Sunan an-Nasa'i#4136Sahih

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'Do not revert to disbelievers after I am gone, striking the necks of one another (killing one another). No man is to be punished for the sins of his father, or for the ...

Narrated by It was narrated that Ibn 'Umar said:
Sunan an-Nasa'i#4137Sahih

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'Do not revert to disbelievers after I am gone, striking the necks of one another (killing one another). No man is to be punished for the sins of his father, or the sins...

Narrated by It was narrated that 'Abdullah said:
Sunan an-Nasa'i#4124Sahih

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever parts from obedience, and splits away from the Jama'ah and dies, then he has died a death of Jahiliyyah. Whoever rebels against my Ummah, killing good and evil ...

Narrated by It was narrated that Abu Hurairah said:
Sunan an-Nasa'i#3996Sahih

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'By the One in Whose Hand is my soul, killing a believer is more grievous before Allah than the extinction of the whole world.'"

Narrated by It was narrated that 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As said:
Sunan an-Nasa'i#4000Sahih

"The Messenger of Allah said: 'Killing a believer is more grievous before Allah than the extinction of the whole world.'"

Narrated by It was narrated from 'Abdullah bin Buraidah that his father said:

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