Tafsir Ibn Abbas: Al-Maaida, Ayah 45
Common Words
Other Scholars on This Ayah
Tafsir
And therein in the Torah We prescribed We made obligatory for them that a life be slain in return for a life if it has slain one; and an eye should be gouged out for an eye and a nose is to be cut off for a nose and an ear is to be amputated for an ear and a tooth should be pulled out for a tooth a variant reading has the last four nouns in the nominative; and for wounds read wa’l-jurūhu or wa’l-jurūha retaliation that is the person is entitled to retaliate if this is feasible as in the case of a hand or a leg; but in cases where one is not able to retaliate this is left to arbitration. Although this stipulation was prescribed for them it is established in our Law; but whoever forgoes it that is retaliation out of charity able to restrain himself then that shall be an expiation for him of what he has done of other sins. Whoever does not judge according to what God has revealed in the matter of retaliation and otherwise those are the evildoers.
Related Hadiths
The Prophet (ﷺ) read the verse: "We ordained therein for them: Life for life and eye for eye (an-nafsa bin-nafsi wal-'aynu bil-'ayn).
The law of Qisas (i.e. equality in punishment) was prescribed for the children of Israel, but the Diya (i.e. blood money was not ordained for them). So Allah said to this Nation (i.e. Muslims): "O y...
the Messenger of Allah ruled that Qisas should be given for a tooth. The Messenger of Allah said: "The Messenger of Allah said: "What Allah has decreed is retaliation."
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) read the verse: "eye for eye" (al-'aynu bil-'ayn).
"Al-Qisas (the Law of Equality in punishment) is prescribed for you in case of murder: the free for the free The rule for the Children of Israel was Qisas, and not Diyah. Then Allah, the Mighty and S...
"The letter which the Messenger of Allah wrote to 'Amr bin Hazm concerning blood money: 'For a soul, one hundred camels; for the nose if it is cut off completely, one hundred camels, for a blow to thr...
"Abu Bakr bin Hazm brought me a letter on a piece of leather (which was ) from the Messenger of Allah: 'This is a statement from Allah and His Messenger: 'O you who believe! Fulfill (your obligations....
"Whoever is killed in the blind or by something thrown, with a rock, a whip, or a stick, then the blood money to be paid for him is the blood money for accidental killing. Whoever kills deliberately, ...
"There was Qisas among the Children of Israel, but Diyah was unknown among them. Then Allah, the Mighty and Sublime, revealed: "Al-Qisas (the law of equality in punishment) is prescribed for your in c...
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "The prescribed Law of Allah is the equality in punishment (i.e. Al-Qisas)." (In cases of murders, etc.)
Ibn Abbas Commentary
(And We prescribed for them) We obligated on the Children of Israel (therein) in the Torah: (The life for the life) that is premeditatedly killed as an expiation for this killing, (and the eye for the eye) that is premeditatedly ruined as an expiation for this ruination, (and the nose for the nose) that is premeditatedly damaged as an expiation for this damage, (and the ear for the ear) that is premeditatedly harmed as an expiation for this harm, (and the tooth for the tooth) that is premeditatedly broken as an expiation for this breaking, (and for wounds retaliation) as a just judgement. (But whoso forgoeth it (in the way of charity)) whoever forgoes retaliating (it shall be expiation for him) i.e. for the harmed person; it is also said: for the person who harmed. (Whoso judgeth not by that which Allah hath revealed) Allah says: whoever does not show what the Qur'an has shown nor act according to it: (such are wrong-doers) who harm themselves with punishment.