Tafsir Al-Jalalayn: Aal-i-Imraan, Ayah 91
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Tafsir
(Lo! Those who disbelieve) in Allah and His Messenger, (and die in disbelief) disbelieving in Allah and His Messenger, (the (whole) earth) the weight of the earth (full of gold would not be accepted from such an one if it were offered as a ransom). Allah says: If they were to give the equivalent of the earth's weight in gold to ransom themselves, it would not be accepted from them. (Theirs will be a painful doom) which will extend to their hearts (and they will have no helpers) anyone to save them from Allah's punishment. The verses from (Lo! those who disbelieve after their (profession of) belief�. Theirs will be a painful doom and they will have no helpers) were revealed about ten hypocrites, namely, Tu'mah and his companions, who left Medina to Mecca as apostates from their religion, Islam. Some of them died as apostates, some were killed while some later returned to the fold of Islam.
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Al-Jalalayn Commentary
Surely those who disbelieve and die disbelieving the whole earth full the amount needed to fill it up of gold shall not be accepted from any one of them the fā’ of fa-lan yuqbala ‘it shall not be accepted’ has been included in the predicate of the inna clause because the statement about alladhīna ‘those who disbelieve’ resembles a conditional statement; and as a declaration of the reason for it repentance not being acceptable in the case of one who dies in unbelief if he would ransom himself thereby; for them awaits a painful chastisement alīm is the same as mu’lim ‘painful’ and they shall have no helpers to protect them from it.