Which Surah and Juz is Quran 42:40 from?

This ayah is from Surah Ash-Shura (Consultation), the 42th surah of the Quran. It appears in Juz 25.

Are there hadiths related to Quran 42:40?

Yes — there are 5 hadiths related to this ayah from Sunan Ibn Majah, Jami` at-Tirmidhi, Sahih Muslim.

What tafsir is available for Quran 42:40?

Commentary on this ayah is available from Ibn Kathir, Ibn Kathir, Al-Jalalayn, Ibn Abbas — classical scholars of Quranic exegesis.

What topics does Quran 42:40 relate to?

This ayah connects to these Quranic topics: Justice, Allah, Forgiveness, Wrongdoing, Divine Reward.

Ayah 39

وَٱلَّذِينَ إِذَآ أَصَابَهُمُ ٱلْبَغْىُ هُمْ يَنتَ...

42:40Ash-Shura

Q: What does Quran 42:40 mean?

Quran 42:40 (Surah Ash-Shura, Ayah 40) translates to: "And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allah. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers."

Ayah 41

وَلَمَنِ ٱنتَصَرَ بَعْدَ ظُلْمِهِۦ فَأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَ ...

وَجَزَٰٓؤُا۟ سَيِّئَةٍۢ سَيِّئَةٌۭ مِّثْلُهَا ۖ فَمَنْ عَفَا وَأَصْلَحَ فَأَجْرُهُۥ عَلَى ٱللَّهِ ۚ إِنَّهُۥ لَا يُحِبُّ ٱلظَّٰلِمِينَ

Wa jazaaa'u saiyi'atin saiyi'tum misluha faman 'afaa wa aslaha fa ajruhoo 'alal laah; innahoo laa yuhibbuz zaalimeen

And the retribution for an evil act is an evil one like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation - his reward is [due] from Allah. Indeed, He does not like wrongdoers.

Themes in this ayah

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Justice & honesty92 Mercy & forgiveness59

Scores run 0–100: how strongly this ayah speaks to a theme. 70+ is central, 50+ is clear, under 50 is weak.

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42:40Ayah 153

5 ayahs in Ash-Shura are strongly about justice and honesty. This is one of them.

← Previous on Justice & honesty42:39And those who, when tyranny strikes them, they defend themselves,Next on Justice & honesty →42:41And whoever avenges himself after having been wronged - those have not upon them any cause [for blame].

Tafsir

Scholars largely agree on this ayah

View Full Tafsir: Al-Jalalayn on 42:40→

For the requital of an evil deed is an evil deed like it the latter is also referred to as ‘an evil deed’ because in outward form it resembles the former; this is evident in what concerns retaliation for wounds. Some scholars say that even if another were to say ‘May God disgrace you!’ then one should respond equally with ‘May God disgrace you!’. But whoever pardons his wrongdoer and reconciles the amity between himself and the one pardoned his reward will be with God that is to say God will give him his reward without doubt. Truly He does not like wrongdoers that is those who initiate acts of wrongdoing and so merit His punishment.

“Whoever commits a sin in this world and is punished for it, Allah (STW) is too just to repeat the punishment for his slave (in the hereafter). And whoever commits a sin in this world and Allah conceals him, Allah is too generous to go back to something that He has pardoned.”

Sunan Ibn Majah #2054It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said:Sahih

“Whoever takes the wrongdoer's side in a dispute or supports wrongdoing, he will remain subject to the wrath of Allah until he gives it up.”

Jami` at-Tirmidhi #2696Narrated Ali bin Abu Talib:Hasan

that the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "Whoever is penalized (for a crime) then his punishment has been hastened for him in the world, for Allah is more just than to double the punishment upon His slave in the Hereafter. And whoever does a punishable act and then Allah covers it for him and forgives him, then Allah is more kind than to recount something which He has already forgiven."

Jami` at-Tirmidhi #3122Narrated Abu Hurairah:Sahih

"When the following was revealed: 'Whoever works evil will have the recompense of it... (4:123)' That worried the Muslims, so they complained about that to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he said: "Seek closeness and be steadfast, and in all that afflicts the believer there is atonement, even a thorn that pricks him, and the hardship he suffers."

Sahih Muslim #6384Abu Huraira reported it as a marfu' hadith (and the words are):Sahih

The deeds are presented on every Thursday and Monday and Allah, the Exalted and Glorious. grants pardon to every person who does not associate anything with Allah except the person in whose (heart) there is rancour against his brother. It would be said: Put both of them off until they are reconciled.