ٱلْأَعْرَابُ أَشَدُّ كُفْرًۭا وَنِفَاقًۭا وَأَجْدَرُ أَلَّا يَعْلَمُوا۟ حُدُودَ مَآ أَنزَلَ ٱللَّهُ عَلَىٰ رَسُولِهِۦ ۗ وَٱللَّهُ عَلِيمٌ حَكِيمٌۭ
Al A'raabu ashaddu kufranw wa nifaaqanw wa ajdaru allaa ya'lamoo hudooda maaa anzalal laahu 'alaa Rasoolih; wallaahu 'Aleemun Hakeem
The bedouins are stronger in disbelief and hypocrisy and more likely not to know the limits of what [laws] Allah has revealed to His Messenger. And Allah is Knowing and Wise.
Themes in this ayah
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9:97Ayah 1129
29 ayahs in At-Tawba are strongly about hypocrisy. This is one of them.
← Previous on Hypocrisy9:95They will swear by Allah to you when you return to them that you would leave them alone. So leave them alone; indeed they are evil;Next on Hypocrisy →9:101And among those around you of the bedouins are hypocrites, and [also] from the people of Madinah. They have become accustomed to hypocrisy. You, [O Muhammad],
Tafsir
Scholars largely agree on this ayah
The Bedouins the Arab nomads are more intense in unbelief and hypocrisy than the city-dwellers on account of their harshness and crude nature and their being too remote to hear the Qur’ān and are more likely not to know the bounds of what God has revealed to His Messenger in the way of rulings and legal prescriptions; and God is Knower of His creatures Wise in what He does with them.
Related Hadiths
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said, "The main source of disbelief is in the east. Pride and arrogance are
characteristics of the owners of horses and camels, and those bedouins who are busy with their camels
and pay no attention to Religion; while modesty and gentleness are the characteristics of the owners of
sheep."
The belief is among the Yemenites, and the unbelief is towards the East, and tranquillity is among those who rear goats and sheep, and pride and simulation is among the uncivil and rude owners of horses and camels.
The summit of unbelief is towards the East and the pride and conceitedness is found among the owners of horses and camels who are rude and uncivil, people of the tents, and tranquillity is found among those who rear goats and sheep.
“The testimony of a Bedouin against a town-dweller is not permissible.”
There came the people of Yemen who are soft of hearts, tender in feelings: the belief is that of the Yemenites, the sagacity is that of the Yemenites and the summit of unbelief is towards the East.
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